|
| Book cover | Autor | Title | Description |
| Bild | Autor | Leer | Beschreibung |
| Date | Event | Tribe | Chief |
| Winter 1535 / 1536 | Jacques Cartier Expedition 1535-1536 - The winter in Québec was long and cold. Cartier's men suffered from hunger and scurvy. The Iroquois showed Cartier how to make a syrup from the bark and leaves of the white spruce. This syrup contained a lot of vitamin C. Thanks to this syrup, only 25 of Cartier's 110 men died. After a week, Cartier's men were healthy again.   | Mohawk (Iroquois) | - |
 | |||
| Fort Saint-Louis in Quebec. Source: http://www.ameriquefrancaise.org/en/article-456/Saint_Louis_Forts_and_Ch?teaux_National_Historic_Site_(Quebec_City).html | |||
Winter 1604/1605  | Samuel de Champlain Expedition 1603-1635 - On the island of St. Croix, 35 of 79 men died of scurvy in the first winter of 1604/1605. Others died of other diseases. Fresh water and food had to be brought to the island from the mainland, as nothing grew on the island itself due to the sandy soil. And the water on the island was salty. | - | - |
| Winter 1608 / 1609 | The first French settlement in North America, Quebec, was able to survive under the leadership of Samuel de Champlain, develop steadily and intensify the fur trade with the surrounding tribes such as the Montagnais, Algonquins, Hurons and Abenaki. 16 of the 24 men did not survive the first winter and died of scurvy and other diseases. Soon after, the second French settlement on the St. Lawrence River, Montreal, was established. The Iroquois were no longer in the valley of the St. Lawrence River at this time. Only the ruined palisades of their former villages and the cleared fields still reminded us of the Iroquois. The Iroquois were probably driven out by the Hurons, with the men being killed and the women and children integrated into the tribe. A practice that was later adopted by the Iroquois in order to replenish their own ranks. This made it possible for the French to expand from Tadoussac to Montreal without having to negotiate, conclude treaties or purchase land. In Québec, the French pursued the goal of earning money with the fur trade. Fishing was too unprofitable as the ice-free period in this region was simply too short. This made it impossible to compete with the fishermen who came to Labrador from the European coasts every spring. Their fish reached the European market much faster and they were able to sell much larger quantities. | Huron (Wendat) Montagnais (Innu) Iroquois Abenaki Algonquin | - |
| 17 May 1867 | General Hancocks Campaign 1867 - Scurvy broke out in the camp at Big Creek. At least 75 men fell ill. | - | - |