|
| Book cover | Autor | Title | Description |
| Bild | Autor | Leer | Beschreibung |
| Date | Event | Tribe | Chief |
4500 BC  | The Hedgepeth Mounds are located 30 miles northwest of Monroe (Louisiana) on the Bayou Darbonne River in the Mississippi Delta. Mounds are artificial mounds that were built as burial mounds and for ritual purposes. These mounds were built from layers of brown earth, red clay and charred remains of buildings. Baskets made of plant fibers were used to transport the earth and clay.   | - | - |
| 3500 BC - 0 BC | Architectural monuments in the form of semicircles or circles were built over a period of around 3,500 years. The oldest known monument is located southwest of the city of Monroe (Louisiana) on the banks of the Quachita River and 18 miles south of Frenchman's Bend near Watson Brake (Louisiana). It consists of a ring wall with a length of one kilometer and a diameter of about 250 meters. | - | - |
| 3500 BC - 0 BC | The Frenchman's Bend Mounds were built north of Monroe. Today there are still 5 mounds. The largest mound still has a diameter of 40 meters and a height of 3 meters. | - | - |
| 3000 BC | A series of mounds were erected on the grounds of what is now Louisiana State University (LSU) in Baton Rouge in the Mississippi Delta. Today, two mounds remain, both about 20 feet (6 meters) high. Until 2022, it was assumed that the mounds were built around 3000 BC. More recent investigations in 2022 revealed that the mounds are the oldest man-made structures! Radiocarbon dating of the lowest layers with ash from sugar cane, reeds and animal bones using the C-14 method indicates that the Mounds were built around 9000 BC. The mounds were probably built over a period of several thousand years until they reached their original height of around 40 feet (13 meters). The two mounds are called Mound A and Mound B. Mound B was built around 9000 BC and abandoned around 6000 BC. The reason for this could have been a drop in temperature during this period, when temperatures in the northern hemisphere of the earth fell by around 35 °C within around 160 years. | - | - |
 | |||
| LSU (Louisiana State University) Campus Mounds. Source: Daniel Thomet 2018 | |||
| 2500 BC | Near the village of Poverty Point in Louisiana, about 80 km east of Watson Brake, a huge complex of earthworks was built. Over a period of 5 centuries, an earthwork consisting of 6 concentric semicircles with a length of approx. 11 km was built. The author Roger G. Kennedy estimates that around 10 million clay bricks were needed for this monument. The Indians at Poverty Point used the atlatl, a throwing spear, for hunting. | - | - |
| 1400 BC - 750 BC | Effigy mounds were built along the Mississippi River in the area around the present-day town of Marquette in north-eastern Iowa. These mounds were shaped like animals such as panthers, lizards, snakes, etc. | - | - |
| 2500 BC | A huge complex of earthworks was built near the village of Poverty Point in Louisiana, about 80 km east of Watson Brake. Over a period of 5 centuries, an earthwork consisting of 6 concentric semicircles with a length of approx. 11 km was built. The author Roger G. Kennedy estimates that around 10 million clay baskets were needed for this monument. | - | - |
 | |||
| Poverty Point in Louisiana - the 6 concentric semicircles are clearly visible - Source: www.hikercentral.com/parks/popo/pic.jpg. | |||
| 500 BC | Several mounds with several ring ditches were built on the western shore of Lake Okeechobee around 500 BC. One of these ring ditches had a diameter of 365 meters. | - | - |
| 200 BC - 300 n. Chr. | 96 mounds were found near Albany, Illinois. People were buried in these mounds. | - | - |
| 200 BC - 400 n. Chr. | Burial mounds and an approximately 910 m long horseshoe-shaped mound were found in the area of the present-day town of Marksville in central Louisiana. | - | - |
| 50 BC - 1250 | In the area of today's Lewistown in central Illinois on Lake Chautauqua, various mounds were built over the course of about 1000 years. | - | - |
| About 1200 AD | Mounds were probably built along Topanga Beach in the Malibu area of California around the year 1200. The mounds were about five to eight feet high. The mounds were investigated in 1910. In one mound, 34 skeletons were found, many of the skulls found had arrowheads in their heads, indicating a massacre. In 1923, the Chumash Indian Mound was destroyed and leveled during the construction of the Pacific Coast Highway PCH (Highway 1) near Topanga Beach. | Tongva-Gabrielino | - |
| 1974 | The oldest mound in North America was discovered here in 1974. The mound is around 7,500 years old and was used as a burial site for a boy. | Beothuk | - |