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| Book cover | Autor | Title | Description |
| Bild | Autor | Leer | Beschreibung |
| Date | Event | Tribe | Chief |
 | Archaeologists have discovered the oldest human remains in North America on the Californian island of Santa Rosa. The site was named 'Arlington Springs Man'. Before the arrival of the Europeans, between 100,000 and 250,000 Indians in 21 nations lived in California: Southern California: Yuman, Shoshone, Chumash Central California: Salinan, Yokuts, Esselen, Costanoan, Miwok, Washo Northern California: Pomo, Maidu, Wintun, Yuki, Yana, Athabascan, Wiyout, Chimariko, Shastan, Lutuami, Karok and Yurok. Each of these nations was made up of different tribes. The Yana included the Northern Yana, the Central Yana, the Southern Yana and the Yahi.   | Yuman Shoshone Chumash Salinan Yokuts Esselen (Ohlone) Costanoan Miwok Washoe Pomo Maidu Wintu Yuki Yana Athabascan Wiyot Chimariko Shastan (Rogue River) Lutuami Karok Yurok | - |
| 10000 BC | The ancestors of the later Chumash Indians already lived on the Channel Islands near Santa Barbara in California. | Chumash | - |
| 2500 BC | On a hill opposite today's Malibu Lagoon State Beach, the Chumash Indians began to live in a village. The Chumash called this village 'Humaliwo' ('where the surf sounds loud'). Humaliwo was the second largest Chumash settlement along the coast at the foot of the Santa Monica Mountains. | Chumash | - |
| 1000 BC | Around 1000 BC, the Chumash Indians began settling in the village of Huwam in Bell Canyon, about 9 miles northeast of Thousand Oaks, California. | Chumash | - |
| 1000 BC | Around 1000 BC, the Chumash Indians began settling in the village of Lalimanux in the Conejo Grade / Camarillo Grade region, about 7 miles northwest of Thousand Oaks in California. | Chumash | - |
| 1000 BC | Around 1000 BC, the Chumash Indians began to live on Calleguas Creek southeast of Simi in the village of Kay'iwish in California. | Chumash | - |
| 1000 BC | Around 1000 BC, the Chumash Indians began settling on Calleguas Creek southeast of Simi in the village of Kay'iwish, California. | Chumash | - |
| 1000 BC | Around 1000 BC, the Chumash Indians began to settle at the Arroyo Sequi west of Point Dume in the village of Lalimanuh in California. | Chumash | - |
| 1000 BC | Around 1000 BC, the Chumash Indians began to settle at the Arroyo Sequi west of Point Dume in the village of Lisiqishi in California. | Chumash | - |
| 1000 BC | Around 1000 BC, the Chumash Indians began settling in Trancas Canyon west of Point Dume in the village of Lohostohni, California. | Chumash | - |
| 1000 BC | Around 1000 BC, the Chumash Indians began settling along the Santa Clara River near the present-day village of Saticoy in Sa'aqtik'oy, California. | Chumash | - |
| 1000 BC | Around 1000 B.C., the Chumash Indians began settling along Potreto Valley Creek east of Las Virgenes Reservoir in the village of S'ap tuhuy, California. | Chumash | - |
| 1000 BC | Around 1000 BC, Chumash Indians began living in the village of Sapwi in the Rancho Guadalascaz area north of Point Mugu, California. | Chumash | - |
| 1000 BC | Around 1000 BC, Chumash Indians began living in the village of Satwiwa in the Rancho Guadalascaz area north of Point Mugu, California. | Chumash | - |
| 1000 BC | Around 1000 BC, the Chumash Indians began to live in the village of Alqilko'wi in the Little Sycamore Canyon area of California. | Chumash | - |
| 1000 BC | Around 1000 BC, the Chumash Indians began to live in the village of Shuwalahsho in the Liberty Canyon / Las Virgenes Creek area in the Santa Monica Mountains, California. | Chumash | - |
| 1000 BC | Around 1000 BC, the Chumash Indians settled in the village of Kats'ikinhin on Las Virgenes Creek above Malibu, California. | Chumash | - |
| 1000 BC | Around 1000 BC, the Chumash Indians began to live in the village of Ta'lopop (Talopop) in the Liberty Canyon / Las Virgenes Creek area in the Santa Monica Mountains, California. | Chumash | - |
| 1000 BC | Around 1000 BC, the Chumash Indians began to settle in the village of 'Muwu' on Calleguas Creek near Point Mugu. Muwu was the largest Chumash village. | Chumash | - |
| 500 BC | Around 1000 BC, the Chumash Indians began to live in the village of Hipuk in the Westlake Village area near Thousand Oaks in California. | Chumash | - |
| 500 BC | The Chumash Indians painted pictographs on the rock walls of the cave, which is now known as Burro Flats Painted Cave (BFPC). It is located at Burro Flats in the Simi Hills in eastern Ventura County, California. | Chumash | - |
| 8 October 1542 | Juan Cabrillo Expedition 1542-1543 - Cabrillo landed in what is now San Pedro Bay near Long Beach, in the south of Los Angeles. Cabrillo named the place 'Bay of Smokes' because of all the smoke that came from the deliberate fires of the Indians. The Californian Indians deliberately burned meadows and forests to ensure the growth of plants, seeds, roots and fruits for the following year. | Chumash | - |
| 15 October 1542 | Juan Cabrillo Expedition 1542-1543 - First, Cabrillo sailed about ten leagues along the coast and then to Santa Cruz Island. Along the coast, Cabrillo observed many Chumash in their tomols (Chumash canoes). The Spanish called Santa Cruz Island 'San Luca'. | Chumash | - |
| 18 October 1542 | Juan Cabrillo Expedition 1542-1543 - Cabrillo reached Point Galera, today's Point Conception. According to Juan Paez's diary, the entire coast between Malibu and Point Conception was densely populated with Chumash Indians. And the Spanish also noticed that the Chumash spoke many different dialects. | Chumash | - |
| 25 October 1542 | Juan Cabrillo Expedition 1542-1543 - Cabrillo left San Miguel Island and sailed north | Chumash | - |
| 3 January 1543 | Juan Cabrillo Expedition 1542-1543 - Cabrillo's men were repeatedly attacked by Chumash warriors on Santa Catalina Island. The Chumash who lived on the islands were poorer and more aggressive than the Chumash on the mainland. During one of these attacks, Cabrillo tried to help his men and shattered his shin in the process. The wound became infected. Cabrillo died on January 3, 1543 and Bartolome Ferrer took command of the expedition and the three ships. | Chumash | - |
| About 1600 | The Chumash Indians began to make rock paintings in a cave. Today, these rock paintings are among the most beautiful in the USA. The site is now known as the Chumash Painted Cave State Historic Park. | Chumash | - |
| 1700 | Around 10,000 Chumash Indians lived in California. The Chumash Indians traded acorns, chia seeds, pine nuts, dogbane (a plant), clothing, baskets, weapons, jewelry and other items with the surrounding tribes. | Chumash | - |
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| Trade goods of the Chumash Indians. Source: Chumash Indian Museum, Thousand Oaks, California. | |||
| 1700 | Around 10,000 Chumash Indians lived in California. | Chumash | - |
| 1768 | Before the time of the Spanish missions, the Chumash lived in California in 150 independent villages from the Santa Ynez Mountains along the coast to Malibu. The total number of Chumash is estimated at 22,000. | Chumash | - |
| 17 August 1769 | Portola Expedition 1769-1770 - The group under Portola reached what is now Santa Barbara. At this time, the Chumash Indians lived at the mouth of San Roque Creek into Arryo Burro Creek, about 1.75 miles west of what would become Mission Santa Barbara. The expedition camped near the 'Laguna', a small lake at the intersection of present-day Ortega Street and Laguna Street in Santa Barbara. The summer shelter, the vaulted reed hut, was built above ground (unlike the pit house, which was partially sunk into the ground). The reed hut consisted of a dome-shaped or cone-shaped framework of flexible branches covered with mats of strong, durable tule reeds (rushes). The Chumash called these huts 'ap. | Chumash | - |
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| Chumash Indian mortar embedded in a boulder at Roque Canyon Creek, Santa Barbara, California. Source: Jennifer Osborne, 2017 (Many thanks!). | |||
| 18 October 1769 | Portola Expedition 1769-1770 - The group under Portola reached the island of Santa Cruz on October 18. Father Francisco Palóu wrote that the Chumash in the village of Xaxas greeted the visitors 'with great joy', offered fish and helped fetch water. Between 100 and 160 Chumash lived in Xaxas. The summer dwelling, the vaulted reed hut, was built above ground (as opposed to the pit house, which was partially sunk into the ground). The reed hut consisted of a dome-shaped or cone-shaped framework of flexible branches covered with mats of strong, durable tule reeds (rushes). The Chumash called these huts 'ap. | Chumash | - |
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| Dwelling of the Chumash Indians. Source: Chumash Indian Museum, Thousand Oaks, California. | |||
| 18 October 1769 | Portola Expedition 1769-1770 - The group under Portola reached the island of Santa Cruz on October 18. Father Francisco Palóu wrote that the Chumash in the village of Xaxas greeted the visitors 'with great joy', offered fish and helped fetch water. Between 100 and 160 Chumash lived in Xaxas. | Chumash | - |
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| The group under Portola reached the island of Santa Cruz on October 18. Father Francisco Palóu wrote that the Chumash in the village of Xaxas greeted the visitors 'with great joy', offered fish and helped fetch water. Between 100 and 160 Chumash lived in Xaxas. | |||
| 1 September 1772 | Spanish Missions 1769-1823 - Father Junipero Serra founded the fifth Spanish mission in California, the Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa. San Luis Obispo is located about halfway between San Francisco and San Diego. The Chumash Indians helped to build the mission. | Chumash | - |
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| Mission San Luis Obispo in Toloso. Source: Daniel Thomet 2014 | |||
| 1772 | When the fifth Spanish mission in California, Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, was built, the Chumash lived near San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Santa Cruz Island, Santa Rosa Island and San Miguel Island. The Chumash lived in about 150 villages. On the Channel Islands, eleven villages on Santa Cruz Island, eight villages on Santa Rosa Island and two villages on San Miguel Island have been archaeologically documented to date. | Chumash | - |
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| Chumash Indians fishing for tuna with tomol boats. Source: Chumash Indian Museum, Thousand Oaks, California. | |||
| 1772 | When the fifth Spanish mission in California, Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, was built, the Chumash lived near San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Santa Cruz Island, Santa Rosa Island and San Miguel Island. The Chumash lived in about 150 villages. On the Channel Islands, eleven villages on Santa Cruz Island, eight villages on Santa Rosa Island and two villages on San Miguel Island have been archaeologically documented to date. | Chumash | - |
| 1772 | At the time of the construction of the fifth Spanish mission in California, Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, the Chumash lived in the vicinity of San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Santa Cruz Island, Santa Rosa Island and San Miguel Island. The Chumash lived in around 150 villages. On the Channel Islands, eleven villages on Santa Cruz Island, eight villages on Santa Rosa Island and two villages on San Miguel Island have been archaeologically documented to date. | Chumash | - |
| 1772 | When the fifth Spanish mission in California, Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, was built, the Chumash lived near San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Santa Cruz Island, Santa Rosa Island and San Miguel Island. The Chumash lived in about 150 villages. On the Channel Islands, eleven villages on Santa Cruz Island, eight villages on Santa Rosa Island and two villages on San Miguel Island have been archaeologically documented to date. | Chumash | - |
1772  | At the time of the construction of the fifth Spanish mission in California, Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, the Chumash lived in the vicinity of San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Santa Cruz Island, Santa Rosa Island and San Miguel Island. The Chumash lived in about 150 villages. On the Channel Islands on Santa Cruz Island, eleven villages, on Santa Rosa Island eight villages and on San Miguel Island two villages have been found archaeologically. Near Bay Point on San Miguel Island, the Chumash lived in the village of 'Tuqan'. | Chumash | - |
| 1772 | When the fifth Spanish mission in California, Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, was built, the Chumash lived near San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Santa Cruz Island, Santa Rosa Island and San Miguel Island. The Chumash lived in about 150 villages. On the Channel Islands on Santa Cruz Island, eleven villages, on Santa Rosa Island eight villages and on San Miguel Island two villages have been found archaeologically. In Becher's Bay on Santa Rosa Island, around 75 Chumash lived in the village of 'Hichimin'. | Chumash | - |
| 1772 | At the time of the construction of the fifth Spanish mission in California, Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, the Chumash lived in the vicinity of San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Santa Cruz Island, Santa Rosa Island and San Miguel Island. The Chumash lived in about 150 villages. On the Channel Islands on Santa Cruz Island, eleven villages, on Santa Rosa Island eight villages and on San Miguel Island two villages have been found archaeologically. In the east of Santa Rosa Island, the Chumash lived in the village of 'Qshiwqshiw'. | Chumash | - |
| 1772 | When the fifth Spanish mission in California, Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, was built, the Chumash lived near San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Santa Cruz Island, Santa Rosa Island and San Miguel Island. The Chumash lived in about 150 villages. On the Channel Islands on Santa Cruz Island, eleven villages, on Santa Rosa Island eight villages and on San Miguel Island two villages have been found archaeologically. In the east of Santa Rosa Island, the Chumash lived in the village of 'Helewashkuy'. | Chumash | - |
| 1772 | At the time of the construction of the fifth Spanish mission in California, Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, the Chumash lived in the vicinity of San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Santa Cruz Island, Santa Rosa Island and San Miguel Island. The Chumash lived in about 150 villages. On the Channel Islands on Santa Cruz Island, eleven villages, on Santa Rosa Island eight villages and on San Miguel Island two villages have been found archaeologically. About one mile east of Furney Cove on Santa Cruz Island, the Chumash lived in the village of 'L'akayamu'. | Chumash | - |
| 1772 | When the fifth Spanish mission in California, Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, was built, the Chumash lived near San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Santa Cruz Island, Santa Rosa Island and San Miguel Island. The Chumash lived in about 150 villages. On the Channel Islands on Santa Cruz Island, eleven villages, on Santa Rosa Island eight villages and on San Miguel Island two villages have been found archaeologically. In the area of Christi Beach on Santa Cruz Island, Chumash Indians lived in the village of 'Ch'oloshush'. | Chumash | - |
| 1772 | At the time of the construction of the fifth Spanish mission in California, Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, the Chumash lived in the vicinity of San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Santa Cruz Island, Santa Rosa Island and San Miguel Island. The Chumash lived in around 150 villages. On the Channel Islands, eleven villages on Santa Cruz Island, eight villages on Santa Rosa Island and two villages on San Miguel Island have been archaeologically documented to date. Near Scorpion Anchorage in the northeast of Santa Cruz Island, the Chumash lived in the village of 'Swaxil'. | Chumash | - |
| 1772 | When the fifth Spanish mission in California, Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, was built, the Chumash lived near San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Santa Cruz Island, Santa Rosa Island and San Miguel Island. The Chumash lived in about 150 villages. On the Channel Islands, eleven villages on Santa Cruz Island, eight villages on Santa Rosa Island and two villages on San Miguel Island have been archaeologically documented to date. In the area of Prisoners Harbor on Santa Cruz Island, the Chumash lived in the village of 'Xaxas'. | Chumash | - |
| 1772 | At the time of the construction of the fifth Spanish mission in California, Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, the Chumash lived in the vicinity of San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Santa Cruz Island, Santa Rosa Island and San Miguel Island. The Chumash lived in around 150 villages. On the Channel Islands, eleven villages on Santa Cruz Island, eight villages on Santa Rosa Island and two villages on San Miguel Island have been archaeologically documented to date. In the Twin Harbors region on Santa Cruz Island, the Chumash lived in the village of 'Mashchal'. | Chumash | - |
| 1772 | When the fifth Spanish mission in California, Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, was built, the Chumash lived near San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Santa Cruz Island, Santa Rosa Island and San Miguel Island. The Chumash lived in about 150 villages. On the Channel Islands, eleven villages on Santa Cruz Island, eight villages on Santa Rosa Island and two villages on San Miguel Island have been archaeologically documented to date. In the area of Frys Harbor on Santa Cruz Island, the Chumash lived in the village of 'Ch'ishi'. | Chumash | - |
| 1772 | At the time of the construction of the fifth Spanish mission in California, Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, the Chumash lived in the vicinity of San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Santa Cruz Island, Santa Rosa Island and San Miguel Island. The Chumash lived in around 150 villages. On the Channel Islands, eleven villages on Santa Cruz Island, eight villages on Santa Rosa Island and two villages on San Miguel Island have been archaeologically documented to date. In the area of Frys Harbor on Santa Cruz Island, the Chumash lived in the village of 'L'alale'. | Chumash | - |
| 1772 | When the fifth Spanish mission in California, Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, was built, the Chumash Indians lived along the coast of the Santa Monica Mountains. The largest village in this area was Muwu on Calleguas Creek near Point Mugu. A total of 191 Chumash were converted to Christianity in Muwu. The last chief of Muwu, Mariano Wataitset, son of Halashu (Grand Chief of Muwu), was baptized at Mission San Buenaventura in 1802. | Chumash | Mariano Wataitset |
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| Chumash village of Muwu on Calleguas Creek near Point Mugu. Source: Chumash Indian Museum near Thousand Oaks, 2022 | |||
| 1772Nicht erkannter Quellenhinweis | When the fifth Spanish mission in California, Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, was built, Chumash Indians lived in the area that is now Thousand Oaks, California. | Chumash | - |
| 31 March 1782Nicht erkannter Quellenhinweis | Spanish Missions 1769-1823 - Mission San Buenaventura was the ninth mission built by Franciscan monks in what is now California and was founded by Father Junipero Serra in what is now Ventura, about 45 miles northwest of Los Angeles, California. The Chumash Indians lived in this area. The Chumash built aqueducts to carry water from the Ventura River to the mission. | Chumash | - |
| 4 December 1786 | Spanish Missions 1769-1823 - Mission Santa Barbara was the tenth mission established by Franciscan monks in California. The mission was founded by Father Fermin Lasuen in what is now Santa Barbara. The Chumash Indians lived in this area. | Chumash | - |
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| Mission Santa Barbara. Source: Daniel Thomet 2014 | |||
| 8 December 1787 | Spanish Missions 1769-1823 - Mission La Purisima Concepcion was the eleventh mission established by Franciscan friars in what is now California (then New Spain). The mission was founded by Father Fermin Lasuen in what is now Lompoc, about 60 miles northwest of Santa Barbara, California. The Chumash Indians lived in this area. The Chumash built aqueducts to carry water from the Ventura River to the mission. The Chumash lived in so-called 'ap (thatched houses), dome-shaped houses whose framework consisted of young, strong logs tied together at the top. The 'ap were covered with rushes or reeds. | Chumash | - |
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| Chumash Indians. Source: Satwiva Native American Cultural Center, Thousand Oaks, California | |||
| 19 November 1793 | Nordwest passage-Expedition 1792 - The English adventurer George Vancouver reaches the Anacapa Islands, a group of islands east of the Channel Islands, south of Santa Barbara, California. | Chumash | - |
| About 1800 | The Chumash Indians lived in the village of Wishtoyo near present-day Malibu in California. | Chumash | - |
| 1804 | Juan Bautista de Anza Expedition 1774-1776 - José Bartolomé Tapia was the first European (Spaniard) to settle in the area of Malibu, California. In 1800, as a reward for his military service, José Bartolomé Tapia applied for a grant of the land he had seen as a young man as a member of de Anza's 1775 expedition. Tapia settled on the land in 1804 to graze his cattle and raise his children. The Malibu area was inhabited by Chumash Indians who had had little or no contact with Europeans until then. | Chumash | - |
| 14 September 1804 | Spanish Missions 1769-1823 - As the 19th Spanish mission, the Santa Ines Mission was founded by Father Estevan Tapis near the present-day town of Solvang. The Chumash Indians lived in this area. It was the fifth and last mission to be established in the territory of the Chumash Indians. | Chumash | - |
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| Mission Santa Ines. Source: Daniel Thomet 2014 | |||
| 1806 | The increasing demand for water for the Santa Barbara Mission, built in 1786, and the drought years of 1794 and 1795 led to the construction of a water reservoir next to the mission in 1806 and the construction of a dam and an aqueduct in 1807. The dam was located on the site of today's Santa Barbara Botanical Gardens. An aqueduct led the water to the reservoirs next to the mission. In 1808, another aqueduct was built in nearby Rattlesnake Canyon. Chumash Indians carried out the construction work under the guidance of Franciscan monks. | Chumash | - |
| 1831 | 2788 Chumash Indians were registered in the Spanish missions in California. | Chumash | - |
| 1853 | Edward F. Beale, Federal Superintendent of Indian Affairs for California, established the first Indian reservation in California in 1853. Mission Indians, Chumash and Paiute lived on the reservation. | Chumash Paiute | - |
| 1900 | 100 Chumash Indians still live in California. | Chumash | - |
| 1952 | The last pure-blooded Chumash Indian, Tomas Ygnacio Aquino, has died. | Chumash | - |
| August 2003 | Opening of the Chumash Casino in Santa Ynez. | Chumash | - |